java - What is the difference between <% ... %> and <%! ... %> in jsp -

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i adding more functionality page has 2 tags mentioned in title. noticed variable declare in <% ... %> cannot used in <%! ... %> , vice versa. difference between 2 , how can declare variables used in 2 tags

<% ... %> used embed java code within main service() method of jsp. executed during rendering of page.

<%! ... %> used define code outside of flow of page, , therefore outside main service() method. typically, used define utility methods called within <% ... %> block.

both approaches obsolete, however. jsp el, jstl , tag classes preferred way of doing same thing.


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